Jordan Landmarks

Contents

• 1 Jordan’s archaeological landmarks
• 2 Jordan’s religious landmarks
• 3 Jordan’s natural landmarks
• 4 museums in Jordan
• 5 references

Jordan’s archaeological landmarks

Jordan is distinguished by its rich history of various civilizations; which she lived in and left her traces behind among the desert sands, to allow the tourist a unique experience among its archaeological landmarks, ^[1] and the following shows the most important archaeological monuments in Jordan:  

• The Rose City of Petra: The city of Petra, which was recently included in the World Heritage List, is an archaeological historical city built by the Nabateans in the third century BC. It is characterized by its wonderful and amazing architecture. Where it was carved in pink sandstone, and the Treasury is one of the most prominent features of this pink city, which can be reached by walking through a long path known as the Siq, which extends for 1.2 km in a rocky crevice. The majestic Nabatean temple, the monastery, in addition to the tombs, palaces, storerooms, and others. ^[2]
• The ancient city of Jerash: The city of Jerash is an ancient historical city inhabited by humans for more than 6,500 years, and this city was in the past belonging to the Roman Empire, and evidence of this is the ancient monuments that are still clearly visible in that region; Where there are large gatherings of Roman buildings and monuments, such as: huge stone columns scattered along the old street, wide squares, historical palaces, towers, and fountains. ^[3]
• Ajlun Castle: Ajlun Castle is an archaeological and historical castle that was built on top of a high mountain. In order to protect the trade routes that reach Syria , noting that tourists can visit this castle, and enjoy the wonderful and picturesque scenery, which is represented by the merging of history with nature. ^[4]

Jordan’s religious landmarks

Jordan is a religious tourist destination for many tourists wishing to visit religious archaeological sites, ^[1] and the following shows the most prominent religious tourist attractions in Jordan: ^[5]

• Mount Nebo: Mount Nebo is one of the most prominent places where religious tourist attractions are spread in Jordan, and it is about ten minutes away from the city of Madaba, which is located in the south of Jordan, using a transportation mechanism, and it should be noted that Mount Nebo is of great importance for all monotheistic religions; Where it is believed to be the mountain on which the Prophet Moses stood on the outskirts of the land of Canaan, and also where he was buried. Therefore, it was a destination for the first ancient Christian pilgrims. The history of the first church built on it dates back to the period of the fourth century. As for the surrounding area; It includes a church and a monastery that were discovered in 1933, and they date back to the fourth and fifth centuries. This site is of great importance; The American Center for Oriental Research seeks to protect and preserve its archaeological heritage sites and the archaeological sites around it in the city of Madaba.
• Jordan Valley: The Jordan Valley is distinguished by its stunning desert landscapes and diverse and beautiful terrain, in addition to its historical and religious significance for the three monotheistic religions. Where it is believed that God Almighty spoke to his Prophet Moses for the first time in him, and in him the Ten Commandments were revealed to him, in addition to the passage of other prophets on him; As Jesus, Jacob , and Ayoub, peace be upon them, as for Islamic history; It contains the graves of many of the companions of the Prophet Muhammad , may God bless him and grant him peace. Those who were martyred in battles or died there in the eighteenth century AH.
• The Baptism: The Baptism is one of the most important religious sites of the Christian religion. Where it is believed in Christianity that it is the place where the baptism of Jesus Christ took place at the hands of John the Baptist, and the Baptism is located east of the Jordan River, and it consists of two parts, the first of which is Tell Al-Kharar or as it is known as Tel Elijah, and the other part is the area surrounding the churches of St. John the Baptist. ^[6]

Jordan’s natural landmarks

Jordan is distinguished by its different natural environments in which wildlife is diverse, and it allows tourists to practice many activities throughout the year; Such as visiting summer resorts, summer camps, natural springs, wandering in forests, deserts and deserts, and getting to know the Jordan Valley , the countryside and the Badia, ^[7] and the following shows the most prominent natural tourist sites in Jordan:

• Aqaba: The city of Aqaba, or as it was known in ancient Islamic history as the city of Ayla, is the only port and outlet for the Kingdom of Jordan on the Red Sea, and it was considered in the past as a major port for trade to the Far East, and it is visited by large numbers of tourists from inside and outside Jordan; The city of Aqaba allows its visitors to practice many different activities on land and sea; such as enjoying the wonderful atmosphere, the stunning view of the Red Sea, watching coral reef reserves, rich marine life , and visiting various archaeological sites; The most prominent of which is a church that is one of the oldest churches in the world, and a visit to its museum, which displays the historical artifacts of the Aqaba region, including pottery and ancient coins. As for the water activities, they are diverse, including water skiing, snorkeling, diving, and boating. ^[8][4]
• The Dead Sea: The Dead Sea is considered the lowest point in the world, and its waters are characterized by a very high salinity rate that allows objects to float on its surface easily. The Dead Sea is visited by large numbers of tourists annually, and allows them to enjoy its blue-green waters. A beautiful emerald on its harbor, and the benefit from the clay rich in minerals beneficial to health, which is used for various therapeutic and cosmetic purposes, and recreation in the beach resorts around its coast. It should be noted that the industrial activities in the Dead Sea area have affected it; Its level decreases by about a meter annually, and it is estimated that it will dry up within forty years due to that decline. ^{[6] [4]}
• Wadi Rum: Wadi Rum is the largest valley in Jordan. It is also called the Valley of the Moon. It is a landscape that mixes sandstone and granite rocks spread at an altitude of up to 1,700 m above sea level. Over the course of millions of years, to become distinguished by its steep slopes and picturesque red sand, in addition to its mountain, which records the second highest altitude in Jordan at 1,734 meters above sea level, and the Bedouins live in it in concrete houses or various tents, and it hosts tourists if they wish to spend a night in the valley. Wadi Rum is a favorite tourist destination for lovers of rock climbing, exploration and adventure enthusiasts, and a favorite cinematic destination for film photographers; In it, the film Lawrence of Arabia was filmed, and films about Mars were filmed, as the valley’s red sands resemble the surface of Mars. ^[9][10]
• Wadi Mujib: Wadi Mujib Reserve is considered one of the most distinguished places with its natural landscapes and containing various types of wildlife in Jordan.It extends to the Karak and Madaba mountains in the north and south. The reserve is characterized by two main things; The first is the vast difference between the height of its lowest and highest spot; which reaches 1,300 meters; Its lowest point is 410 meters below sea level, while its highest point is about 900 meters above sea level. The second thing is the abundance of the Mujib River water throughout the year; which is fed by seven river tributaries, which led to a great biodiversity in the valley; It contains more than 300 species of plants, 10 types of carnivores, many types of migratory and sedentary birds, rare species of cats, goats, and mountain animals; the horned mountain brook that lives in the sandstone cliffs; Which is considered one of the most beautiful types of goats in the world. ^[11]
• Shaumari Reserve: The Shaumari Reserve was established in Jordan in 1975; With the aim of creating a suitable environment for endangered organisms to live in various parts of the Middle East; Where the reserve seeks to ensure the existence of animals that have become rare to continue through future generations, and these animals include the Arabian deer, ostriches, and oryx, ^[3] and the recent renovations and renovations in the reserve have greatly improved it, and made it an important tourist destination for lovers of safari trips and watching the local wild animals, The visitor center in the reserve provides tourists with abundant information about the reserve’s ecosystem, and the nature of the ecological habitats inhabited by various animals. ^[12]
• Ma’in Baths: Ma’in Hot Baths are among the most beautiful desert oases in Jordan, located at a drop of 264 meters below sea level, and consist of 109 hot and cold springs fed by winter rains coming from the heights of the Jordanian plains. These springs pour into the Zarqa River, and are visited by tourists from inside and outside Jordan; to enjoy hot mineral water; Which reaches a temperature of 63 degrees Celsius thanks to the volcanic cracks that lie below it. Among the most prominent tourist services that are available in the springs area are resort services; Which offers high-level tourism services, many mud and water treatments, cosmetic treatments and other distinctive services. ^[13]
• Dibben Forest Reserve: Dibeen Forest extends to 60 square kilometers, and its reserve is located in the middle of an area of ​​8.5 square kilometers. Which led to the provision of a diverse environment that caused a great biodiversity in it, and the plants in it varied to many varieties, such as pine oak trees, strawberries, green pistachios, wild olives, and orchids, and the reserve is characterized as one of the driest environments in which pines live.Al-Halabi, which is the oldest and largest pine tree in age and size in Jordan, is also home to more than seventeen species of endangered animals; Like the Persian squirrel, as for the distribution of its trees, it varies with height; In the lower altitudes, the Aleppo pine trees are mainly spread, and in the middle altitudes coniferous oak trees are concentrated. As for the highest altitudes; The deciduous oak trees are more widespread. ^[14]
• Dana Reserve: The Dana Reserve is distinguished by the diversity of its natural environment. which represent the ecosystems scattered in the geographical region of Jordan from the continents of Asia , Africa, and Europe; such as the Mediterranean environment, the Arabian desert, and the Sudanese environment, which makes the reserve home to a large number of rare animals and plants; Where there are about 800 species of plants, and 450 species of animals; 25 of them are considered critically endangered; Like the sand cat, the Syrian wolf, the eagle falcon, and the lizard of the lizard, this reserve provides tourists with the scenic views along it, in addition to the practice of multiple activities; Like walking in its canyons, and wandering in its paths. ^[15]

Museums in Jordan

The museums in Jordan are considered a gateway to the ancient history of the civilizations that lived in it during different times. Jordan includes a variety of museums, the most prominent of which are: ^[16]

• The Jordan Museum: The Jordan Museum is located in the Ras Al-Ain area in the capital , Amman . It displays the civilizational history and cultural heritage of Jordan from the Stone Age to this day. Among the most prominent antiques it displays are the Dead Sea Scrolls, especially the copper manuscript.
• Royal Automobile Gallery: This museum represents part of the diplomatic history in Jordan; Where more than 70 types of ancient cars and motorcycles are displayed; Which was used by the late King of Jordan Hussein bin Talal, may God have mercy on him.
• Tirz Museum: This museum is also known as the House of Widad Kawar for Arab Dress.
• Children’s Museum: This museum is a non-profit educational institution established by Queen Rania Al Abdullah of Jordan. The museum is located in King Hussein Park in Amman. It includes 150 indoor and outdoor exhibitions, and various educational facilities. Like the library, and the art studio.
• Jordan Folklore Museum: This museum is located next to the Roman Amphitheater in the center of the capital, Amman, and opened in 1971. It displays a variety of costumes, musical instruments, and mosaic artifacts. Which represents the Jordanian and Palestinian heritage.
• Jordan Archaeological Museum: This museum is located in the ancient Amman Citadel; Which is a historical site that has passed through multiple civilizations; Like the Roman and Umayyad civilizations, the museum displays artifacts from different parts of Jordan dating back to the fifteenth century.
• Parliamentary Life Museum: This museum is distinguished by being the first of its kind in the world, and it displays the efforts of the Hashemite leadership in building Jordan in recent decades.
• Jerash Museum: Jerash Museum is located in the north of Jordan at the Jerash Archaeological Theatre. It displays various historical artifacts; Such as mosaic glass , and gold jewelry, in addition to antique coins found near the Arc de Triomphe.
• Abu Jaber Museum: This museum is located in the city of Al-Salt. The museum is a house that dates back to the Ottoman era, and displays the ancient history of the city.

the reviewer

1. Andrew Evans (11-1-2017), ^“ Archeological Sites to See in Jordan” , www.nationalgeographic.com , Retrieved 24-6-2020. Edited.
2. ↑ “Petra”, www.lonelyplanet.com, Retrieved 24-2-2019. Edited.
3. ” The 10 Most Adventurous Things to Do in Jordan “, www.tripsavvy.com, Retrieved 24-2-2019. Edited.
4. Must-Visit Attractions in Jordan”, theculturetrip.com, Retrieved 24-2-2019. Edited.
5. ↑ Malhas Tours (2012), “Jordan Treasure of Archaeological Sites “، www.malhastours.com, Retrieved 24-6-2020. Edited.
6. Kiran Bisht (2020), “15 Best Places To Visit In Jordan In 2020: A Blend Of Old And New”، traveltriangle.com, Retrieved 24-6-2020. Edited.
7. ↑ Mahasees Najat (2013), Tourism in Jordan, A Journey of Heart Touching, Jordan: Zahran Publishing, p. 15. Adapted.
8. ↑ Jordan Tourism Board (2006), Jordan History & Culture, Jordan: Jordan Tourism Board, Page 26. Edited.
9. ↑ Andrew Ricca (9-2-2017), “The 7 Most Beautiful Places In Jordan “، theculturetrip.com, Retrieved 25-6-2020. Edited.
10. ↑ Salome Chelangat (18-05-2018), “What Is The Valley Of The Moon?”، www.worldatlas.com, Retrieved 05-09-2018. Edited.
11. ↑ the Jordan Tourism Board (2020), “Wadi Mujib”، international.visitjordan.com, Retrieved 27-6-2020. Edited.
12. ↑ Lonely Planet (2020), “Shaumari Wildlife Reserve”، www.lonelyplanet.com, Retrieved 28-6-2020. Edited.
13. ↑ Golden Gate Tours & Travel Co (2015), “Ma’in Hot Springs “، www.jordantoursmakers.com, Retrieved 28-6-2020. Edited.
14. ↑ Golden Gate Tours & Travel Co (2015), “Dibeen Forest Reserve”، www.jordantoursmakers.com, Retrieved 28-6-2020. Edited.
15. ↑ “Dana Biosphere Reserve”, rscn, Retrieved 2/9/2021. Edited.
16. ↑ Sahar Esfandiari (5-10-2017), “The Best Museums to Visit in Jordan”، theculturetrip.com, Retrieved 29-6-2020. Edited.